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铝镍磁体

铝镍钴磁铁具有所有磁性材料中最佳的温度系数。

铝镍钴磁铁是极高温度应用中的最佳选择。

铝镍合金磁铁分为铸造型和烧结型。

其化学成分为铝、镍、钴的合金，因此得名Al-Ni-Co。

该产品也常以Alcomax、Columax、Hycomax和Ticonal等品牌名称进行销售。

铝镍钴磁体在所有磁性材料中拥有最佳的温度系数。这类磁体堪称极端高温应用的首选方案。其生产方式包括铸造和烧结两种工艺。铸造铝镍钴是该材料最常见的成型方式，常用于制造接近净形的铝镍钴磁体。无论是小批量还是大批量生产，无论是小型还是超大型磁体，铸造工艺都具有成本效益优势。烧结铝镍钴磁体因磁性能较弱且形状受限，应用范围相对较小。各向异性磁体通过永久性磁化方向（DoM）的结构设计，能够实现最佳性能表现。

各向异性磁铁虽无特定磁化方向，但可通过多种方式实现磁化，不过性能会有所下降。

铸造铝镍钴5号是铝镍钴材料中最常见的等级，其中LNG44型(Alcomax 3）应用最为广泛。

铝镍钴5号、8号和9号均存在多个性能各异的子等级。

磁极面通常需要进行精密加工以完成表面处理。

虽然可以定制特定矫顽力（Br）、矫顽场强（Hc）、矫顽场强度（Hci）和最大磁通量（BHmax）的铝镍钴材料，但成本会显著增加。

建议优先选择常规等级产品，不过市场上也有定制化铝镍钴磁铁可供选用。

较弱的各向同性铝镍钴合金可承受复杂的磁场。

较强的各向异性铝镍钴合金则具有固定的磁畴轴。

下载Alnico磁铁数据表/Alnico磁铁强度图表

铝镍钴磁体的优缺点

Advantages

  • Cast Alnico offers a near net shape. Cast alnico can be produced to complex shapes with complex magnetic patterns.
  • Alnico Br as high as NdFeB at room temperature.
  • Can be used up to 450-550 degrees C (842-932F).
  • Least variation in magnetic output with temperature change of any magnetic material.
  • Can be cast in very large sizes.

Disadvantages

  • Sintered alnico is usually limited to small to medium sizes and simpler shapes.
  • Low coercivity (Hci) making them easy to demagnetise.
  • Complex cast alnico sometimes needs sand mold tooling which can be expensive if existing tooling is not available.

Typical applications for Alnico magnet materials

  • Very high temperature applications
  • Use in hot oils
  • Clamping
  • Motors and Generators
  • Mass spectrometers
  • Precision sensors and meters
  • Aerospace

Example

A company was using Alnico to operate a Mass Spectrometer but they were struggling to achieve the required magnetic field to detect the materials they were testing for.

The solution was to use a higher strength of Alnico magnet assembly and then deliberately use the low coercivity of alnico to demagnetise it slightly to tune the magnetic field in the assembly air gap to the required field strength.

The thermal stability of the alnico meant that the field would be stable enough for the entire operation of the unit. In the laboratories.

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